Branch of forestry
Sustainable forest management balances local socioeconomic, cultural, and ecological needs and constraints.
Forest management is a branch of forestry concerned with overall administrative, legal, economic, and social aspects, as well as scientific and technical aspects, such as silviculture , forest protection , and forest regulation . This includes management for timber, aesthetics , recreation , urban values, water , wildlife , inland and nearshore fisheries, wood products , plant genetic resources , and other forest resource values .[ 1] Management objectives can be for conservation, utilisation, or a mixture of the two. Techniques include timber extraction, planting and replanting of different species , building and maintenance of roads and pathways through forests, and preventing fire .
Many tools like remote sensing, GIS and photogrammetry [ 2] [ 3] modelling have been developed to improve forest inventory and management planning.[ 4] Scientific research plays a crucial role in helping forest management. For example, climate modeling ,[ 5] [ 6] [ 7] biodiversity research,[ 8] [ 9] carbon sequestration research,[ 6] [ 5] [ 10] GIS applications,[ 8] [ 11] and long-term monitoring[ 7] [ 9] help assess and improve forest management, ensuring its effectiveness and success.
^ "Glossary of Forestry Terms in British Columbia" (PDF) . Ministry of Forests and Range (Canada). March 2008. Retrieved 2009-04-06 .
^ I. Balenovich, A. Seletkovich, et al. Comparison of Classical Terrestrial and Photogrammetric Method in Creating Management Division. FORMEC. Croatia 2012. pp. 1-13.
^ I. Balenović, D. Vuletić, et al. Digital Photogrammetry – State of the Art and Potential for Application in Forest Management in Croatia. SEEFOR. South-East European Forestry. #2, 2011. pp. 81–93.
^ Mozgeris, G. (2008) “The continuous field view of representing forest geographically: from cartographic representation towards improved management planning”. S.A.P.I.EN.S. 1 (2)
^ a b Anderegg, William R. L.; Wu, Chao; Acil, Nezha; Carvalhais, Nuno; Pugh, Thomas A. M.; Sadler, Jon P.; Seidl, Rupert (2 September 2022). "A climate risk analysis of Earth's forests in the 21st century" (PDF) . Science . 377 (6610): 1099–1103. Bibcode :2022Sci...377.1099A . doi :10.1126/science.abp9723 . PMID 36048937 . S2CID 252010508 .
^ a b Windisch, Michael G.; Davin, Edouard L.; Seneviratne, Sonia I. (October 2021). "Prioritizing forestation based on biogeochemical and local biogeophysical impacts". Nature Climate Change . 11 (10): 867–871. Bibcode :2021NatCC..11..867W . doi :10.1038/s41558-021-01161-z . S2CID 237947801 . ProQuest 2578272675 .
^ a b Benedek, Zsófia; Fertő, Imre (2013). "Development and application of a new Forestation Index: global forestation patterns and drivers" (Document). IEHAS Discussion Papers. hdl :10419/108304 . ProQuest 1698449297 .
^ a b Zhang, Mingfang; Wei, Xiaohua (5 March 2021). "Deforestation, forestation, and water supply". Science . 371 (6533): 990–991. Bibcode :2021Sci...371..990Z . doi :10.1126/science.abe7821 . PMID 33674479 . S2CID 232124649 .
^ a b Prevedello, Jayme A.; Winck, Gisele R.; Weber, Marcelo M.; Nichols, Elizabeth; Sinervo, Barry (20 March 2019). "Impacts of forestation and deforestation on local temperature across the globe" . PLOS ONE . 14 (3): e0213368. Bibcode :2019PLoSO..1413368P . doi :10.1371/journal.pone.0213368 . PMC 6426338 . PMID 30893352 . Gale A579457448 .
^ Portmann, Raphael; Beyerle, Urs; Davin, Edouard; Fischer, Erich M.; De Hertog, Steven; Schemm, Sebastian (4 October 2022). "Global forestation and deforestation affect remote climate via adjusted atmosphere and ocean circulation" . Nature Communications . 13 (1): 5569. Bibcode :2022NatCo..13.5569P . doi :10.1038/s41467-022-33279-9 . PMC 9532392 . PMID 36195588 .
^ AbdulBaqi, Faten Khalid (June 2022). "The effect of afforestation and green roofs techniques on thermal reduction in Duhok city" . Trees, Forests and People . 8 : 100267. doi :10.1016/j.tfp.2022.100267 . S2CID 248646593 .